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Liquidity – An important consideration of portfolio management

February 27, 2020

The idea of Liquidity

In a world where there are a multitude of investment options, one of the most important consideration is often overlooked. When an investment portfolio is being constructed, it is important to consider different aspects. One well understood consideration is diversification. The idea that you shouldn’t hold all your eggs in one basket is an easy concept to grasp. Liquidity is another important consideration and it sounds kind of complicated, so we’re here to simplify it. 

What is Liquidity

If an asset is liquid, it can be converted into cash relatively quickly without affecting the price. Conversely, if an asset is illiquid, it takes longer to sell and/or it is harder to sell without affecting the price (negatively) significantly. For example, it takes a while to complete on a house purchase/sale, therefore, properties are considered as an illiquid asset class. 

There is another aspect to liquidity that is not really ever mentioned, that being the ability to sell a proportion of an asset. For example, if you wanted to raise £10,000.00 from your property to pay for a holiday, it would not normally make sense to capital raise this amount from your house. Whereas, if you had an investment portfolio (invested in liquid funds), you can realise the funds within days/weeks.

The Problems of Illiquidity

When times are good, liquidity is not so much of a concern, but when it’s bad, everyone will start to focus on liquidity. If you need the cash for whatever reason, you will either have to wait, or accept a lower price which does not reflect their value (both outcomes are not ideal!). It is important that you strike the right balance, but to do that, you need to understand the liquidity of different assets available and how they are structured (e.g. whether there are any unlisted holdings*).  

Some investors believe that there is a premium for holding illiquid assets, in other words, you are rewarded extra because there is an additional layer of risk. At Iron Wealth Management, we place a lot of emphasis on daily liquidity and we do not see that premium. That is, a premium that comes with lack of transparency around pricing of assets, and a possibility of lock down during a liquidity crunch. We therefore don’t believe there is any value in holding illiquid funds given the disadvantages of this asset class.

If you would like to understand more about how we construct our portfolios, or how your current portfolio measures up in terms of liquidity, along with other portfolio considerations, we would be more than happy to help.  

*Unlisted holdings are company shares that are not available to general public for trading and not listed on a stock exchange, i.e. not traded on the open market. Unlisted holdings are classed as illiquid investments.

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